C strcpy() And strncpy() |
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C strcpy() And strncpy()
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In this article, you will learn the concept of C strcpy()聽and聽strncpy()聽standard library function defined under string handling library聽.
This standard library functions copy the content of one string into another. Please visit C programming string to learn more about string. C strcpy() and strncpy() : Function Prototype char *strcpy( char *str1, const char *str2) char *strncpy( char *str1, const char *str2, size_t n)where, 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽str1 = destination string or character array. 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽 聽str2 = source string. The strcpy function copies string str2 into array str1 and returns the value of str1. On the other hand, strncpy copies the n characters of string str2 into array str1 and returns the value of str1. str2 may be a character array variable or directly string. C Programming Tips Make sure that the size of the first character array must be large enough to store the second string and the terminating null character '\0'.strncpy does not always copy terminating null character '\0'. It depends upon the value of n, if it is at least one more than the length of the string str2 the terminating null character is copied. Program to demonstrate the function of C strcpy() and strncpy() /*C program to demonstrate the function of strcpy and strncpy*/ #include #include int main() { char str1[ ] = "Hello World !!!"; char str2[ 20 ]; char str3[ 10 ]; //printing array str1 printf("\nstr1 = %s", str1); //copying string directly to array str2 printf("\n\nstr2 = %s", strcpy(str2, "trytoprogram")); //copying character array str1 to str2 printf("\n\nstrcpy(str2, str1) = %s", strcpy(str2, str1)); //copying first 9 characters of str1 to str3 strncpy(str3, str1, 9); str3[ 9 ] = '\0'; //putting terminating character at the end //printing str3 printf("\n\nstrncpy(str3, str1, 9) = %s\n", str3); return 0; }Output
Explanation In the above program, we can see that string "trytoprogram" and聽character array is copied directly into character array str2. While using strncpy( ) in the above program, we have explicitly added terminating null character '\0' in the last place as follow: strncpy(str3, str1, 9); str3[ 9 ] = '\0';This is done because we have only copied first 9 characters and there is no terminating null character at the end of character array str3. |
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